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Search and evaluate information

Source evaluation

Even if you have found scientifically reviewed material, you must always do a critical review yourself. The article you found may be too old and there have been new findings, or there may be another researcher who has a different opinion. The critical review of sources is an important part of the search process and academic writing. What you should evaluate is the currency, relevance, author, purpose and reliability of the material. There are several different evaluation models and one is the so-called CRAAPP test.

The CRAAPP test

Below you will find questions you can ask yourself when assessing the source:

Currency: When was the source published? Is the information still current or has there been new research since?

Relevance: Is the information relevant? Does it answer your research question? Does the text relate to your topic, is it too basic or too advanced? Who is the intended target group? Is the source appropriate to cite in your work?

Authority: Who is the author/creator of the work? Is the author connected to a university, authority or an interest organization that has a clear opinion it wants to express?

Accuracy: Where does the information come from? Has it been reviewed? Journal articles often undergo a quality review, a so-called Peer review by subject matter experts before publication.

Purpose: What is the purpose of the text? Is the text objective? Is it presenting new research, facts or opinions? Is the text well written?

Publication: Who is the publisher? Is the publisher known in the field? A well-known publisher or perhaps self-published? What publication type is it?